Cable drilling tool



5 Sheets-Sheet l BY. i 4TH/WKK Sept. 4, 1951 G. R. WATSON CABLE DRILLINGTOOL Filed April 15, 1949 sept- 4, 1951 G. R. WATSON 2,566,913

CABLE DRILLING TOOL Filed April 15, 1949 s sheets-sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.GEORGE R. WATSON Sept. 4, 1951 G. R. wATsoN 2,566,913

CABLE DRILLING TOOL Filed April 15, 1949 s sheets-sheet 5 37 JNVENTOR.

GEORGE R. WATSON Patented Sept. 4, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICECABLE DRILLING TOOL George R. Watson, Waukegan, Ill. p ApplicationApri115, 1949,`seria1N0. 87,803

(Cl. Z55-27) 6 Claims.

My invention relates to cable tools and more particularly to a string ofcable tools for drilling oil or water wells and for drillingv blastholes in mines and quarries.

The conventional string of cable tools commonly used in combination witha steel cable, consist of a cable socket, a pair of link type orcylinder type jars, a solid steel drill stern and a drill bit, all ofwhich are parts joined by means of threaded box and pin joints for thepurpose of raising the entire tool by means of the cable, and allowingthem to fall freely, thereby providing an impact of the chisels formingan integral part of the drill bit, within the bottom of the hole beingdrilled.

Obviously the progress of deepening the hole is a direct result from therotation of the tool during the churn action and its impact, and it istherefore necessary to provide a swivel at the end of the cableconnecting the cable to the tool by means of a rope socket. The rotationof the tool is the direct result of the unwinding of the cable due tothe heavy tension on the cable when the tool is raised in the up strokeand the twist of the cable to its normal position when the tension onthe cable is released and the tool is. dropped by gravity in its downstroke. This twisting of the cable causes the rotation of the tools andis sufficient when a small drill bit is employed, but when larger drillbits are used, the sludge is of heavier consistency and the drill bithas a tendency to stop rotating and to cut a flat hole or to follow aseam in the formation being drilled.

The object of my invention is to provide a string of cable tools thateliminates the weakness and breakage caused by the conventional threadedbox and pin joints.

Another object of my invention is to eliminate the breakage of the linksor reigns in the drill jar, thereby eliminating the expensive fishingoperation to retrieve the string of tools when the cable breaks.

Still another object of my invention is toprovide a string of cabletools that do not require the use of heavy wrenches or circle jacks formaking up the box or pin joints thereby saving considerable labor in themanipulation of the heavy wrenches.

Another object of my invention is to provide a device that permitschanging the cable from one tool to another without the delay and laborinvolved in attaching the cable to the mandrel in the conventionalmanner, that of filling the tapered cavity with hot lead. The Split'bushing employed in my device may be easily removed allowing themandrel to pass through the jars for disconnecting one tool and to beinserted into another tool without delay, for in the use of drill toolsit is necessary to change tools requently thereby permitting one tool tobe reconditioned while the other tool is in use.

A further object of my invention is to construct a device that providessuiiicient circulation at the bottom of the drill hole to keep the heavycutting in suspension.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a drill bit that isconstructed in a manner that will cause rotation of a few degrees at atime at each downward blow, to prevent the chisel edge of the bit fromstriking repeated blows in the same place.

The object and purpose of my invention will become more apparent as thedescription proceeds when taken in conjunction with the drawings inwhich:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary cross-sectional View of the entire string oftools.

Figure 2 is a similar and large view of the upper portion of the toolenclosing the cable attached.

Figure 3 is an enlarged side view of the bottom portion of thetoolincluding the drill head.

Figure 4 is a cross-section of the tubular body taken at the line 4--4in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a cross-section of the tubular body taken at the line 5--5in Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken at the line 6--6 in Figure 2.

Figure l is a cross-sectional view taken through the assembly at theline 1-1 in Figure 2.

Figure 8 is a cross-section taken at the line 8-8 in Figure 2.

Figure 9 is a top and side view of the valve.

Figure l0 is a top and side view of the ring forming a seat for thevalve.

Figure ll is a fragmentary view of the bottom jar collar and the top jarcollar welded to the tubular jar body.

Figure 12 is a longitudinal cross-sectionv of the mandrel bushing.

Figure 13 is a similar longitudinal cross-sectional view of the swivelmandrel.

Figure 14 is an outside side View of the drill head and Figure 15 is abottom view of the drill head. Similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts throughout the several views and referring now tothe same, the character 2B shows a hollow main top tube connected to ahollow main bottom tube 2|, which is joined to the top tube 2S by meansof a jar anvil 22 inserted within the tubes. This anvil 22 is providedwith a longitudinal port 23. The outer peripheral surfaces of the tubesand 2| at their juncture are provided with outwardly extending upperwings 24. Radially disposed upwardly from the wings 24 are a pluralityof guide bars and a plurality of lugs fora drive l.clamplshown as26. Theinner enclosure `formed Qby'the main top tube 20 Aencases a jar body 21having a top jar collar 28 welded to its upper end and a bottom jarcollar 29 welded to its lower end. All of the parts, namely the body 21,the collars 28 and 29, being of cylindrical shape are hollow in `theircentral portion. The upper end of the main tube "20 is provided with ahollow top collar 'shown .as i3!! which is provided with a seat 3| toaccommodate a bevelled top 32 on the extreme upper end of the jar body21.V The bottom jar collar 29 has `an enlarged portion-`33 Ywhichaccommodates a split hollow mandrel'bushing l34, which in turnaccommodates a hollow swivel mandrel 35 which is attached to the end ofthe -cableshownas 36, and -is provided with a tapered rrecess `31to-accommodate "the 'ared 4out portion or ropen end of the cable 36imbedded within lead or the like.

The hollow bottom jar vcollar 29 has countersunk apertures38 "and '38"disposed through the walls and the l"hollow 4mandrel bushing 3`4 hassimilar apertures 39 and 39 `'disposed through its walls and registeringwith the apertures 3B and 38. These aperturers=38r'and38,39 and 39accommodate a pin '40 extending therethrough retaining the swivelmandrel 35A within the mandrel bushing 35. Toward the -lower end of themain top tube, there arels'hown two velongated apertures or #openingsfdl., These apertures 4I extend upward so that their npperendsare abovethe'levelof the pin 10. This permits removing of the pinrl and permitsdisengagement of the bushing 34 and the mandrel '535 when the stringofvtools are to be removed Yfrom'the cable-36 'The mainbottom'tube 122ihas torque vanes'fdZ of arcua'ted contour, extending outward from itsouter peripheral surface, and also a plurality of long `bottom wings'2H-also radialincontoun 'The Vanes42 Aare disposed rinside ofthe @wings43 and' are bevelled'towardftheir -top and bottomendsto impart rotatingmotion to thetool asl itirises and fallsthrough the fsludge Einthe drillhole.` Near the upper end of the main 'bo-ttom'tuibe 2l-are shownelongated slots 44 extending ythrough its walls. Near the lower end ofthefs'lots Mfisfshown :an annular'splitvalve Seat 45 in the form of' aring attaohed'to theinsidesurface of the tube 2l Yand acting as Ya seatfor a valve assembly 46 vhaving a bottom plate 41 and verticallyextending members i48.' This Lvalve'member t6 isrifree to movevertically upward and downward within the tube 2l between the valve seatl155 andthe bottom of the-jar anvil A22.V At Vthe extreme' lower end ofthe hollow main bottomitube-2rl,'is a cutter head 49 which has shortbottom wings 59 extending upward therefrom lto meet Vthe, end of thehollow Vtube 2l. The cutter head 49 has a Ycollar section 5-landiisofcircular contour- The bottom section 52 of the cutter head "49 is-angularly disposed on its -outer surface, :having its. lower edge widerthan its upper end and an intermediate section 53 angularly disposedto-aeeommodate the upper end 'of the section 52 and the lower end of thecollar section 51". This intermediate section 53 is provided withVopenings through its walls andthe inner walls 'of lsections `52 and '53are shown pro- '4 vided with a pluraltyof chisels or cutting members 55extending vertically and having a iat front surface and a bevelled rearsurface shown as 55. The extreme lower edge 51 of the bottom section 52is tapered to a sharp point so that in the operation of the device thecutter head being provided with a continuous circular ring edge, whichis above the level of the tapered ends of the chisels 55, surrounds theentire circumference of the cutter head, will cause the -z'cutter headto chip a smooth round hole and dueto the bevel 58, the chipped materialwill be forced into the path of the chisels 55. The pumping action ofthe valve't'will keep the sludge in suspension during the up and downstroke and as all wings are in relatively Ythe `same arctuated contour,the cutter head `downto'the wings and the bevel 55 of the chisel 55 willalways move the cutter head in the same counterclockwise rotatingdirection as indicated by the arrows in the drawings, and inasmuch aslthe :mandrel 35 is :free to more in the mandrel Abushing 3d, there beno twisting strain `on the cable 36 during Athe operation of the device.

Having thus described my invention, Vwhat I claim and desire to secureby YLetters :Patent in' the Unitedstatesfis:

l. A device of the character described comprising incombinatioma tubularmain'body, provided with ahollowcutter hea-d atits lowerend, a topcollar inserted into itsY upperend and a hollow fanvil inserted therein,a hollow jar bodyslideably disposed within'said main Tbody betweensaidanvil and `said-top collar, said jar-"tbody being shorter than thedistance between said -anvil rand top collarand employed 1to drvesaid.cutter rhead, a cable L'disposed `longitudinally'witliinsaid top collar andjar body `and extending outward therefrom'forz: supporting 'and`actuating "said jar body, a'mandrelattachedto-the lower-end ofsaid'cable, a split. mandrel fbushin'g 'rotatably supported by thelowerend `offsaid jar body,` saidnia-ridrel retained Vby said bushing,means ffor vretaining said mandrelv in rotatable engagement Awith vtheinside of said 'bushing,'longitudinal slots through the 0 walls of saidmain body', said-slots of a diameter to vpermitremovalofV said mandreland bushing,v

said cutter: head havingasharp inwardly bevelledv outer'edge aroundwitsentire lower periphery, a plurality of chisel members v'extending'inward from the walls of V'said hollow cutter'head, chisels havingvvertical front surfaces and. bevelled' rear ysurfacesandextending belowthe outer edge of said cutter head and radially formed'win-gs extendingvoutward from said tubular .main -body upper 'tube between'said anvilAand lsaid top collan, said jar body being shorter thanthe :distancebetween Said anvil and'ltop collar, a cable extending Athrough said topcollar and jar body l'for supporting and actuating said'jar body, amandrelV attached to the lower end of said cable, va split mandrelbushing rotatably supported by the lower end of said-jar body, saidmandrel Aretained within said bushing, means i'or retaining said mandrelin rotatable with the inside of said bushing, longitudinal slots throughthe walls of said upper tube, said slots of a diameter to permit removalof said mandrel and bushing, a slideably supported valve member disposedwithin said bottom tube below said anvil said valve caused to move upand down within said tube, elongated slots through the walls of saidbottom tube adjacent to said valve said slots acting as exhaust portsfor the material forced upward within said body, an annular valve seatarranged for supporting said valve member when in a down position, saidseat attached to the inner walls of said lower tube, said cutter headhaving a sharp inwardly bevelled outer edge around its entire lowerperiphery, a plurality of chisel members extending inward from the wallsof said hollow cutter head, said chisel members having vertical frontsurfaces and bevelled rear surfaces and extending below the outer edgeof said cutter head, a plurality of radially formed'wings extendinglongitudinally along portions of said top and bottom tubes, bevelledvanes disposed within the radius of said wings said wings and vanesaiding the revolving of said cutter head and body, said wings being of adiameter less than the diameter of said cutter head.

3. A device of the character described to be used in combination with acable, said device comprising a tubular main body, a tubular jar anvilinserted into said main body, a jar body of tubular construction, saidtubular main body having a tubular top collar inserted into its upperend, the bottom edge of said collar designed to contact the upper end ofsaid jar body, a mandrel bushing, inserted into the lower end of saidjar body, a swivel mandrel engaging said mandrel bushing, the end ofsaid support cable attached to said swivel mandrel to allow rotation ofsaid device, a pin extending through said mandrel bushing and jar bodybelow the swivel mandrel within said bushing,l a circular valve seatdisposed within said main body at a point below said jar anvil, a valvemember slideably mounted l within the said main body, said main bodyprovided with an elongated aperture through its walls in directalignment with said valve to permit the exhausting of the materialforced upward within said body, said main body provided with anelongated aperture through its walls, said aperture of a width to permitremoval of said mandrel bushing when said mandrel is inserted therein. Aplurality of longitudinal guide bars attached to the outer surface ofsaid main l body near the top thereof, a plurality of longitudinallydisposed lugs attached to the outer surface of said body above saidguide bars, radially formed upper wings longitudinally disposed andtapered at their upper and lower ends extending outward from said mainbody, longitudinal bottom wings of radial contour extending outward fromthe peripheral surface of said body near its lower end, a plurality ofshort tapered vanes projecting outward from the periphery of said body,within said upper and lower wings said wings and vanes disposed forassisting the revolving of said unit, a hollow cutter head, said cutterhead wider at its lower cutting edge than the diameter of said wings,perforations in the tapered side walls of said cutter head, a pluralityof chisels having a tapered rear surface and a vertical front surface,said chisels integrally constructed into the enclosure formed by saidcutter head, the bottom edge of said cutter head bevelled inwardly toprovide an outer cutting edge around the entire periphery of said head,the bottom edge of said chisel extending below the cutting edge of saidhead, said chisels extending inward from the inner walls of said head toa distance to provide a hollow section between their inner edges indirect alignment with the tubular inside portion of said body.

4. A device of the character described to be used in combinationwith asupport cable, said device consisting of a main top tube and a mainbottom tube, said tubes forming a main body, a tubular jar anvilconnecting said top and bottom tube and extending inward therefrom, atubular jar body having an upper and lower collar; a tubular top collarinserted into the upper end of said main top tube, the bottom of saidcollar arranged for contact with the upper jar collar, a split mandrelbushing, said mandrel bushing inserted into the lower collar of said jarbody, a swivel mandrel attached to the end of said support cableengaging said mandrel bushing, a pin extending through said bushing andlower collar on said jar body below said mandrel, a valve seat attachedto the inner surface of said main bottom tube below the jar anviljoining said top and bottom main tube, a horizontal valve plate equippedwith vertical guide members slideably mounted into the upper end of saidbottom tube, said main bottom tube provided with elongated aperturesthrough its walls in direct alignment with said valve, said aperturescorresponding in length to the travel of said valve within said bottomtube, said main top tube provided with elongated apertures through itswalls, said apertures of a width to permit removal of said mandrelbushing when Said mandrel is inserted therein, a plurality oflongitudinal guide bars attached to the outer surface of said top tubenear the upper end thereof, a plurality of longitudinally disposed lugsattached to the outer surface of said top tube above said guide bars, aplurality of radially formed upper wings longitudinally disposed andtapered at their upper and lower ends extending outward from said maintop and bottom tubes at their point of juncture, long bottom wings ofradial contour extending outward from the peripheral surface of saidbottom tube near its lower end, a plurality of vanes bevelled toward thetop and` bottom projecting outward from the periphery of said bottomtube within said wings, a circular cutting head of hollow construction,said cutting head forming an integral part of said bottom tube, andwider at its lower cutting end than the diameter of said wings,perforations in the tapered side walls of said cutting head, a pluralityof chisels having tapered rear surfaces and vertical front surfaces,said chisels integrally constructed with the enclosure formed by saidcutter head, the bottom edge of said cutter head being bevelled inwardlyto provide an outer cutting edge around its entire peripheral surface,the bottom edge of said chisel extending below the cutting edge of saidhead, said chisel extending inward from the inner walls of said head toa distance to provide a hollow section between their inner edges indirect alignment with the tubular inside portion of said main top andbottom tubes.

5. A cable drilling tool of the character described comprising, atubular main body provided with a hollow drill head at its lower end,and a tubular auxiliary body having a tubular anvil disposed betweenthem, a slidably mounted valve disposed wthin said main body below saidanvil,

accable said `valve `supported atffits lowerfend byfa-tubular seatextending inward from the walls=of said mainbody, verticalelongatedapertures extending: through the wall of 'said main-bodyalongthe path of said valve, vsaid auxiliary bodychaving a hollow collarpermanently .inserted 'Wthinits upper end, Vand a ftubularY-jar bodyslidably mounted between said hollow collar and-anvil withinlsaidauxiliary body, the bottom of said jar body supporting a mandrelbushing, elongated slots within the wall of said-auxiliary tubular body,said slots of a size to permit inserting the :sections of `said mandrel,a cable extending through the hollow collar at the upper end of saidauxiliary tubular body and through the jar body, and asplit mandrelattached to the lower end of said cable, said mandrel Oia shape andcontour to t said mandrel body.

6. `A'cable drilling tool of the character de scribed to be used inVcombination with a cable,

'said tool comprising, a main and an auxiliary tubular body attached toone another and having a tubular anvildisposed between them,said aux--iliary body having .a tubular collar inserted in its upper end, atubularjar body "slidably mounted Within said auxiliary tubular body,said jar -body of a length shorter than the distance between saidltubular collar and tubular anvil, a cable extending through said:collar and ljar body, the lower end of said jar body adapted to receivethe split -hollow mandrel inserted therein, through slots within theWalls 'of-said auxiliary body to permit :inserting `sections of ,saidlsplit mandreL said mandrel of ashapeandcontour toitltheinside Vof saidmandrel collar, `said mandrel-ate tached `to the endof vsaid cable, avalve seat-extending inward from theAwall-of said mainabody below saidanvil, -a 'sldably supported valve 4irl-- serted into said main `bodybetween 'said anvil and seat, elongated slots through the walls-0I saidmain body, said `slots :disposed lbetween said anvil'and valve seat, themain tubular .bodyrhavinga tubular cuttinghead attachedat its lower end,said cutting head provided vwith cutting members .having aV verticalsurfacefand bevelled surface extending `upward .from .the lower -end=ofsaid vertical surface, a plurality of vanes `ex tending voutside of4said Vtubular bodies, said varies being of a diameterV equivalent tothe .diameter-of said cutting head. y

GEORGE VR.` ATSQN.

. REFERENCES CITED 'The lfollowing references -are of 'record inthe le'of'this patent :y

'UNITED STATES PATENTS VHeater .Marz 4, 1941

